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Once free, the cat was allowed to eat some food before being promptly returned to the box. They protect us from anxiety and operate unconsciously by distorting reality. The sympathetic nervous system is involved when a person is intensely aroused. Second, we must remember what a model does to imitate it. Some researchers have manipulated the behaviors and thoughts of study participants to create clinical-like symptoms. Freuds psychodynamic theory made a lasting impact on the field of psychology but also has been criticized heavily. I know my grandmother used to. During the time-out, no one interacts with the child. This dream is interpreted to reflect the patients emotional stress over losing her mother, who is terminally ill. A therapist listens carefully to a client's words and then attempts to show accurate empathy and genuineness. A psychodynamic therapist would consider this an example of: a. catharsis. Often, proponents of a given model find themselves in disagreement with proponents of other models. Individuals who are in a long-term relationship. d. use conscious thought as a means to decrease physiological signs of anxiety. d. early life experiences shape one's later behavior. Their family and friends may disapprove of some of their actions but overall, respect and love them. Secondary or conditioned reinforcers and punishers are not inherently reinforcing or punishing but must be learned. Anne has distant parents, failing grades, and insufficient funds for basic necessities and also develops depression. The body has two coordinating and integrating systems, the nervous system and the endocrine system. These two components pair up as follows: Finally, four properties of operant conditioning extinction, spontaneous recovery, stimulus generalization, and stimulus discrimination are important. Which of the following is a reason for which little controlled research has been devoted to the effectiveness of existential therapy? 26. d. the way in which the mental health profession is moving. Existential therapy is used to treat substance abuse, excessive anxiety, apathy, alienation, nihilism, avoidance, shame, addiction, despair, depression, guilt, anger, rage, resentment, embitterment, purposelessness, psychosis, and violence. By seeing the model interact nicely with the fear evoking stimulus, their fear should subside. Is this correct? Which model of abnormality focuses on learning and the thinking that underlies behavior? 42. b. laissez-faire parenting style. To be considered distinct from other conditions, a mental illness must have its own set of symptoms. Mind Reading Assuming others know what you are thinking without any evidence. 101. a. religion causes people to deal better with the challenges of life. Couples treated by couple therapy seem to show greater improvement than couples who do not receive treatment. Before introducing the current main models, it is crucial to understand what a model is. Likewise, if our action leads to dissatisfaction, then we will not repeat the same behavior in the future. 146. For more on psychosurgery, check out this article from Psychology Today: https://www.psychologytoday.com/articles/199203/psychosurgery. a. family-social b. multicultural c. psychodynamic d. humanistic-existential, 135. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is used MOST often in the treatment of: a. schizophrenia. Fortunately, the work of George Miller, Albert Ellis, Aaron Beck, and Ulrich Neisser demonstrated the importance of cognitive abilities in understanding thoughts, behaviors, and emotions, and in the case of psychopathology, show that people can create their problems by how they come to interpret events experienced in the world around them. a. psychodynamic 2.3.3.4. d. who are not religious cope better with life stressors such as war and illness. Common antipsychotics include Chlorpromazine, Perphenazine, Quetiapine, and Lurasidone. d. show unconditional positive regard for the clients statements. Most people who receive couple therapy report no real improvement in their functioning. Messages moving from neuron to neuron must cross tiny spaces called: Which model of abnormality focuses on learning and the thinking that underlies behavior? Just because there is a relationship between culture and a particular disorder, it does not mean that culture causes the disorder. d. The effectiveness of biological treatments cannot be objectively evaluated. d. projection. Boys are more likely to be diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Those who are not assertive are often overly passive and never get what they want or are unreasonably aggressive and only get what they want. 2.3.3.1. According to the behaviorists, disordered behavior is a result of _____________. Terms in this set (124) Marie comes from a supportive, loving family and has a stable socio-economic background. The neuron. Which model is MOST likely to predict that transference will occur during therapy? They are tied to experiences early in life. To begin, an applied behavior analyst identifies a target behavior, or behavior to be changed, defines it, works with the client to develop goals, conducts a functional assessment to understand what the undesirable behavior is, what causes it, and what maintains it. The pain was enough that I never walked up and down the street echoing my identity crisis for all to hear. Which statement about couple therapy is MOST accurate? More on that over the next two sections. Outside of phobias, desensitization has been shown to be effective in the treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder symptoms (Hakimian and Souza, 2016) and limitedly with the treatment of depression when co-morbid with OCD (Masoumeh and Lancy, 2016). The paradigm, or model, adopted by people in the Middle Ages to explain abnormal behavior was the _____ model. b. Freud. a. behavior-focused A man has cheated on his partner and he feels very guilty, but soon he begins to make excuses, saying that his partner has nagged him for years. This therapist is MOST likely a(n) _____ therapist. c. sociocultural 71. d. the level of rationality in the thought patterns of women. What is an important characteristic of group therapy? 165. d. It focuses on educational goals rather than therapeutic purposes. a. existential b. humanistic c. sociocultural d. behavior-focused, 139. These two cases demonstrate what principle of developmental psychopathology? d. transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Where do you sit in class, if you are on a physical campus and not an online student? 81. Once the information has been interpreted, commands are sent out, telling the body how to respond (Step E), also via the peripheral nervous system. d. They are the brains attempts to understand abnormal electrical activity. 133. 107. "What an individual views as abnormal behavior in public may be the only way to effectively interact with family members.". The biological treatment known as psychosurgery would MOST likely be used in the treatment of a patient with: a severe disorder and who has not responded to any other therapies over years of treatment. Watson believed that the subject matter of psychology was to be observable behavior, and to that end, psychology should focus on the prediction and control of behavior. The existential perspective. Abnormal psychology is a branch of psychology that deals with psychopathology and abnormal behavior, often in a clinical context. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is used MOST often in the treatment of: Which of the following is NOT a weakness of the biological model of abnormal behavior? According to Freud, our personality has three parts the id, superego, and ego, and from these our behavior arises. According to Freuds psychodynamic theory, ineffective interaction of the id, ego, and superego can result in a person becoming stuck at a developmental level. Note the plural form of dendrite and the singular form of axon; there are many dendrites but only one axon. What about your friend or acquaintance in the back? Greshka spilled iced coffee on her shirt while sitting in the park. b. helping the client develop a stronger sense of self and rational thinking. c. children who very seldom fight. d. quaternary prevention. Freuds psychosexual stages of personality development are listed below. c. extended psychoanalytic therapy. 115. This is called: a. fixation. b. ego. Therefore, there is no such thing as abnormal behavior. d. A child often deliberately (consciously) adopts so-called abnormal behaviors when interacting with the family unit as a way to maintaining homeostasis.. No one form of couple therapy stands out as superior to others. Since you dont have time, you decide to study only for the classes in which the teacher provided a study guide. Mason's parents always pay special attention to him when he takes toys from his little sister. c. Beck. c. prejudice and discrimination faced by women. 3. Within the context of psychopathology, the behavioral perspective is useful because explains maladaptive behavior in terms of learning gone awry. b. negative transference. A feminist therapist would MOST likely focus on: a. a womans personal responsibility for her own situation. Which statement is TRUE regarding the models of abnormality? She is constantly looking to friends and family members for help with these decisions and gets anxious when she has to decide alone. Which statement is TRUE regarding the models of abnormality? Observational learning is learning by watching others and modeling techniques change behavior by having subjects observe a model in a situation that usually causes them some anxiety. The _____ model proposes that humans must have an accurate self-awareness and live meaningful lives to be psychologically well adjusted. His name is The second major CBT strategy is called cognitive coping skills training. The _____ model proposes that humans must have an accurate self-awareness and live meaningful lives to be psychologically well adjusted. D) Its symptoms, such as irrational beliefs, are a severe form of illogical thinking. Children who watched the aggressive model behaved aggressively with the Bobo doll while those who saw the gentle model, played nice. The brain. Regarding the finding that there are more seriously disturbed people within poor subpopulations, a multicultural theorist would focus on the way in which: a. personal responsibility is related to dysfunction. Which example BEST describes conditions of worth? d. object relations. Techniques might include weighing the pros and cons of fighting uncertainty or change. c. denial. The BEST explanation for this trend is that these theories: focused on a positive message and living a meaningful life. a. Sociocultural; biological b. Psychodynamic; existential c. Humanistic; cognitive-behavioral d. Cognitive-behavioral; psychodynamic.