What would become the influential Poetry magazine was founded in 1912 by Harriet Monroe, who was working as an art critic for the Chicago Tribune. [38][39][40][41], A flourishing economy brought residents from rural communities and immigrants from abroad. [36], As the site of the Chicago Portage,[37] the city became an important transportation hub between the eastern and western United States. [328] All three Chicago franchise shows are filmed locally throughout Chicago and maintain strong national viewership averaging 7 million viewers per show. By the time of its first census, seven years later, the population had reached over 4,000. [174] In 2018, Chicago ranked seventh globally for the highest number of ultra-high-net-worth residents with roughly 3,300 residents worth more than $30million. [citation needed]. [284] In its annual crime statistics for 2016, the Chicago Police Department reported that the city experienced a dramatic rise in gun violence, with 4,331 shooting victims. The mayor of Chicago is the chief executive, elected by general election for a term of four years, with no term limits. Both the Bulls and the Blackhawks play at the United Center. The two parks themselves are connected by a wide strip of parkland called the Midway Plaisance, running adjacent to the University of Chicago. Finally, two fountains near the Loop also function as monumental works of art: Plensa's Crown Fountain as well as Burnham and Bennett's Buckingham Fountain. [citation needed], Chicago Public Radio produces nationally aired programs such as PRI's This American Life and NPR's Wait WaitDon't Tell Me!. The University of Chicago Oriental Institute has an extensive collection of ancient Egyptian and Near Eastern archaeological artifacts. belief in heaven by metro area, Learn More: belief in Heaven, Believe, Don't believe, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who in hell, Compare: [70][71], During World War I and the 1920s there was a major expansion in industry. [308] Walter Payton College Prep High School is ranked number one in the city of Chicago and the state of Illinois. [181][177] A 2020 study estimated the total Jewish population of the Chicago metropolitan area, both religious and irreligious, at 319,600. [314] According to data compiled in 2014, Chicago's "choice system", where students who test or apply and may attend one of a number of public high schools (there are about 130), sorts students of different achievement levels into different schools (high performing, middle performing, and low performing schools). [193] Academically, Chicago has been influential through the Chicago school of economics, which fielded some 12 Nobel Prize winners. Persons per household, 2017-2021. The average land elevation is 579ft (176.5m) above sea level. A number of statues also honor recent local heroes such as Michael Jordan (by Amrany and Rotblatt-Amrany), Stan Mikita, and Bobby Hull outside of the United Center; Harry Caray (by Amrany and Cella) outside Wrigley field, Jack Brickhouse (by McKenna) next to the WGN studios,[citation needed] and Irv Kupcinet at the Wabash Avenue Bridge. Narrative fiction of that time, much of it in the style of "high-flown romance" and "genteel realism", needed a new approach to describe the urban social, political, and economic conditions of Chicago. It includes Rush University Medical Center, ranked as the second best hospital in the Chicago metropolitan area by U.S. News & World Report for 201416, the University of Illinois Medical Center at Chicago, Jesse Brown VA Hospital, and John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County, one of the busiest trauma centers in the nation.[357]. cities. The organization, formed in 1924, was called the Society for Human Rights. [190] In 2009 Chicago placed ninth on the UBS list of the world's richest cities. It grew rapidly in the mid-19th century;[8] by 1860, Chicago was the youngest U.S. city to exceed a population of 100,000. [11][citation needed]. [104] Landfill extends into portions of the lake providing space for Navy Pier, Northerly Island, the Museum Campus, and large portions of the McCormick Place Convention Center. [355] Because of low participation in the blue bag programs, the city began a pilot program for blue bin recycling like other cities. belief in hell by metro area, Learn More: belief in Hell, Believe, Don't believe, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who identify as, Compare: After the fire, religious activity kept pace with Chicago's tremendous population growth, from 300,000 in 1870 to 1.3 million in the early 1890s and more than 3 million by the onset of the Great Depression . [160], The city has seen a rise in population for the 2000 census and after a decrease in 2010, it rose again for the 2020 census. The southwest side is also the location of the Polish Highlanders Alliance of North America. [199], Manufacturing, printing, publishing, and food processing also play major roles in the city's economy. [338], In May 2019, The City of Chicago announced its Chicago's Electric Shared Scooter Pilot Program, scheduled to run from June 15 to October 15. Seated Lincoln), Brioschi's Christopher Columbus, Metrovi's The Bowman and The Spearman, Dallin's Signal of Peace, Fairbanks's The Chicago Lincoln, Boyle's The Alarm, Polasek's memorial to Masaryk, memorials along Solidarity Promenade to Kociuszko, Havliek and Copernicus by Chodzinski, Strachovsk, and Thorvaldsen, a memorial to General Logan by Saint-Gaudens, and Kearney's Moose (W-02-03). 1 non-Hispanic 2 excluding black and Asian Hispanics. Conscientious 60% Rich 20% Thoughtful 20% Hyde Park Demographics Education Levels National Master's degree or higher 54% 13% Bachelor's degree 24% 21% Some college or associate's degree 12% 29% More Racial Diversity White 47% African American 24% Asian 14% More Gender Female 54% Male 46% Age <10 years 6% 10-17 years 6% 18-24 years 24% More It is the third largest city and metropolitan area in the United States by population, and the city was home to over 2.7 million people in 2020, accounting for over 25% of the population in the Chicago metropolitan area; home to approximately 9.6 million. However, it was less than in many smaller American cities, including New Orleans, Newark, and Detroit, although the latter has fallen substantially in recent years. Non-Christian groups include Irreligious (22%), Judaism (3%), Islam (2%), Buddhism (1%) and Hinduism (1%). The Irish laid the foundations for many of the city's Roman Catholic churches, schools and hospitals. At the turn of the 20th century, Chicago was the third-largest Czech city in the world, after Prague and Vienna. Pritzker. [256] They have won three World Series titles, including the 2016 World Series, but had the dubious honor of having the two longest droughts in American professional sports: They had not won their sport's title since 1908, and had not participated in a World Series since 1945, both records, until they beat the Cleveland Indians in the 2016 World Series. Facts and Figures - Archdiocese of Chicago - archchicago.org The Devon Avenue corridor on the far north side is one of the largest South Asian neighborhoods/markets in North America. [271][272], With berths for more than 6,000 boats, the Chicago Park District operates the nation's largest municipal harbor system. [234] The Chicago-style thin crust is also popular in the city. A world of religions in Chicago - Chicago Tribune [125], Chicago gave its name to the Chicago School and was home to the Prairie School, two movements in architecture. [75] Chicago was the location of the infamous St. Valentine's Day Massacre in 1929, when Al Capone sent men to gun down members of a rival gang, North Side, led by Bugs Moran. In 2018, the Chicago Department of Health, estimated 7.5% of the adult population, approximately 146,000 Chicagoans, were LGBTQ. The Chicago Thanksgiving Parade is broadcast live nationally on WGN-TV and WGN America, featuring a variety of diverse acts from the community, marching bands from across the country, and is the only parade in the city to feature inflatable balloons every year. The Chicago metropolitan area is the third-largest media market in North America, after New York City and Los Angeles and a major media hub. As of the 2007 US Census American Community Survey the largest European ancestries were:[31]. Other notable shows include CBS's The Good Wife and Mike and Molly. Bosnian Muslims were early leaders in the establishment of Chicago's Muslim community. [28][29][30], In 1795, following the victory of the new United States in the Northwest Indian War, an area that was to be part of Chicago was turned over to the US for a military post by native tribes in accordance with the Treaty of Greenville. Recently, the city began installing wind turbines on government buildings to promote renewable energy.[352][353][354]. [194] Illinois is home to 66 Fortune 1000 companies, including those in Chicago. [187] In 2007, Chicago was named the fourth-most important business center in the world in the MasterCard Worldwide Centers of Commerce Index. [77], The Great Depression brought unprecedented suffering to Chicago, in no small part due to the city's heavy reliance on heavy industry. In the forty years from 1850 to 1890, the city's population grew from slightly under 30,000 to over 1million. Information on Chicago, Ill. economy, government, culture, state map and flag, major cities, . Soldier Field re-opened in 2003 after an extensive renovation. These laws became templates for public health reform in other cities and states. [178] Roman Catholicism and Protestantism are the largest branches (34% and 35% respectively), followed by Eastern Orthodoxy and Jehovah's Witnesses with 1% each. [192] The city is the seat of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, the Bank's Seventh District. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.50. [263], Five area colleges play in DivisionI conferences: two from major conferencesthe DePaul Blue Demons (Big East Conference) and the Northwestern Wildcats (Big Ten Conference)and three from other D1 conferencesthe Chicago State Cougars (Western Athletic Conference); the Loyola Ramblers (Missouri Valley Conference); and the UIC Flames (Horizon League). The availability of jobs attracted African Americans from the Southern United States. Today the Chicago metropolitan area is the headquarters of several retailers, including Walgreens, Sears, Ace Hardware, Claire's, ULTA Beauty and Crate & Barrel. Rauch established a plan for Chicago's park system in 1866. [67] This system for telling time spread throughout the continent. [10] Chicago also hosts the headquarters of the largest Lutheran body in the United States, the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. [15] Chicago has the third largest Italian American population in the United States, behind only New York City and Philadelphia. ", Appendix C: Regional Freight Transportation Profiles, "Preliminary Traffic Results for 2005 Show Firm Rebound (March 14, 2006)", "Top IDOT official says third airport will be built", "What really happens to Chicago's blue cart recycling? attendance at prayer groups by metro area, Learn More: frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups, At least once a week, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who meditate, Compare: [citation needed] Lollapalooza originated in Chicago in 1991 and at first travelled to many cities, but as of 2005 its home has been Chicago. The Republican political machine in Chicago was utterly destroyed by the economic crisis, and every mayor since 1931 has been a Democrat.[78]. [294] and in 2010 Chicago's murder rate fell to 435 (16.14 per 100,000), a 5% decrease from 2009 and lowest levels since 1965. Data from 372groups has arrived. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% Count White 1 Hispanic 2 Black Asian Mixed 1 Other 1 32.3% 878k 28.7% 779k 30.9% 840k 6.1% 165k 1.6% 44.1k 0.3% 8,346. Two of the city's largest parks are also located on this side of the city: Jackson Park, bordering the waterfront, hosted the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893, and is the site of the aforementioned museum; and slightly west sits Washington Park. Prominent Latino cultural attractions found here include Humboldt Park's Institute of Puerto Rican Arts and Culture and the annual Puerto Rican People's Parade, as well as the National Museum of Mexican Art and St. Adalbert's Church in Pilsen. [27], The first known non-indigenous permanent settler in Chicago was trader Jean Baptiste Point du Sable. Chicago's demographics show that it is a large, and ethnically and culturally diverse metropolis. [citation needed], The Chicago Public Library system operates 3 regional libraries and 77 neighbourhood branches, including the central library. The City Council is the legislative branch and is made up of 50 aldermen, one elected from each ward in the city. [116] Many of the city's residential streets have a wide patch of grass or trees between the street and the sidewalk itself. Religion [citation needed], In 2005, indie rock artist Sufjan Stevens created a concept album about Illinois titled Illinois; many of its songs were about Chicago and its history. [343] Six of the seven Class I railroads meet in Chicago, with the exception being the Kansas City Southern Railway. [198] Three Fortune 500 companies left Chicago in 2022, leaving the city with 35, still second to New York City. Included among these are its nationally renowned deep-dish pizza; this style is said to have originated at Pizzeria Uno. The Maxwell Street Polish is a grilled or deep-fried kielbasaon a hot dog roll, topped with grilled onions, yellow mustard, and hot sport peppers. Chicago is also home to the Barack Obama Presidential Center being built in Hyde Park on the city's South Side. [211][212], The city's waterfront location and nightlife has attracted residents and tourists alike. The River North Gallery District features the nation's largest concentration of contemporary art galleries outside of New York City. Broadway In Chicago offers Broadway-style entertainment at five theaters: the Nederlander Theatre, CIBC Theatre, Cadillac Palace Theatre, Auditorium Building of Roosevelt University, and Broadway Playhouse at Water Tower Place. In the summer of 2016, Navy Pier constructed a DW60 Ferris wheel. Frank Gehry's detailed, stainless steel band shell, the Jay Pritzker Pavilion, hosts the classical Grant Park Music Festival concert series. [132], The city lies within the typical hot-summer humid continental climate (Kppen: Dfa), and experiences four distinct seasons. The city served as the venue for the medical dramas ER and Chicago Hope, as well as the fantasy drama series Early Edition and the 20052009 drama Prison Break. Christianity is predominant among the city's population who worship (71%). [361] In addition, the Chicago Sister Cities program hosts a number of delegation and formal exchanges. Lake Shore Drive runs adjacent to a large portion of Chicago's waterfront. January and February are the coldest months. The label first found success with Ministry, with the release of the cold life single, which entered the US Dance charts in 1982. [253], Sporting News named Chicago the "Best Sports City" in the United States in 1993, 2006, and 2010. [98][99], Chicago's history and economy are closely tied to its proximity to Lake Michigan. In this particular case, the fact that the workers' agreements had expiration dates let the city of Chicago set an expiration date of 2013 for contribution to health benefits for workers who retired after 1989. 30 Most Religious Cities in the US - Insider Monkey The undergraduate student body is split among 41 states (may include Washington D.C.). [21][22] Chicago's culture includes the visual arts, literature, film, theater, comedy (especially improvisational comedy), food, dance (including modern dance and jazz troupes and the Joffrey Ballet), and music (particularly jazz, blues, soul, hip-hop, gospel,[23] and electronic dance music, including house music). Protestant bodies account for most congregations and adherents. ), Apostolic Pentecostal (Historically Black Protestant Trad. Religion Census is your source for religious data at the county level. To accommodate rapid population growth and demand for better sanitation, the city improved its infrastructure. . This marked the second consecutive year of population increase, while still not yet returning to the official Census 2000 population level. Standing Lincoln) and Abraham Lincoln: The Head of State (a.k.a. The two teams have faced each other in a World Series only once: in 1906, when the White Sox, known as the "Hitless Wonders," defeated the Cubs, 42. ), Independent Baptist (Historically Black Protestant Trad. The mother-in-law is a tamale topped with chili and served on a hot dog bun. Some events which shaped the city's history have also been memorialized by art works, including the Great Northern Migration (Saar) and the centennial of statehood for Illinois. [302] Jens Ludwig, director of the University of Chicago Crime Lab, estimated that shootings cost the city of Chicago $2.5billion in 2012. As the major meat companies grew in Chicago many, such as Armour and Company, created global enterprises. Experience Chicagos most notable music festivals including the Chicago Blues Festival, the Chicago Jazz Festival, Lollapalooza, Pitchfork Music Festival and Riot Fest. [220] Also performing regularly at Symphony Center is the Chicago Sinfonietta, a more diverse and multicultural counterpart to the CSO. [350] The City of Chicago is the world headquarters for United Airlines, the world's third-largest airline. [265] Lincoln Park, the largest of the city's parks, covers 1,200 acres (490ha) and has over 20million visitors each year, making it third in the number of visitors after Central Park in New York City, and the National Mall and Memorial Parks in Washington, D.C.[266], There is a historic boulevard system,[267] a network of wide, tree-lined boulevards which connect a number of Chicago parks. Learn more atLearn more at Chicago.gov/COVIDVax. [200], Prominent food companies based in Chicago include the world headquarters of Conagra, Ferrara Candy Company, Kraft Heinz, McDonald's, Mondelez International, Quaker Oats, and US Foods. Also, an outdoor restaurant transforms into an ice rink in the winter season. [254] Along with Boston, Chicago is the only city to continuously host major professional sports since 1871, having only taken 1872 and 1873 off due to the Great Chicago Fire. As the seat of Cook County (the second-most populous U.S. county), the city is the center of the Chicago metropolitan area, one of the largest in the world. In recent years the state of Illinois has been leaning towards building an entirely new airport in the Illinois suburbs of Chicago. On June 15, 1835, the first public land sales began with Edmund Dick Taylor as Receiver of Public Monies. [34] Within seven years it grew to more than 6,000 people. PDF East Gareld Park - Illinois [215], Downtown is the center of Chicago's financial, cultural, governmental and commercial institutions and the site of Grant Park and many of the city's skyscrapers. The city grew significantly in size and population by incorporating many neighboring townships between 1851 and 1920, with the largest annexation happening in 1889, with five townships joining the city, including the Hyde Park Township, which now comprises most of the South Side of Chicago and the far southeast of Chicago, and the Jefferson Township, which now makes up most of Chicago's Northwest Side. They have won three World Series titles (1906, 1917, 2005) and six American League pennants, including the first in 1901. The South Side contains most of the facilities of the Port of Chicago. [59][60], Labor conflicts followed the industrial boom and the rapid expansion of the labor pool, including the Haymarket affair on May 4, 1886, and in 1894 the Pullman Strike. The Archdiocese of Chicago serves around 2.2 million Catholics in Cook and Lake Counties in Northeastern Illinois, a geographic area of 1,411 square miles. During the 1880s and 1890s, Chicago had a powerful radical tradition with large and highly organized socialist, anarchist and labor organizations. Chicago is one of the largest hubs of passenger rail service in the nation. ", "Chicago Growth 18501990: Maps by Dennis McClendon", "B03002 HISPANIC OR LATINO ORIGIN BY RACE - Chicago, Illinois - 2021 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates", "Shaping Illinois: The Effects of Immigration, 1970-2020", Chicago Sun Times: "Census: Hispanics surpass blacks as Chicagos 2nd-largest racial group" by Mitchell Armentrout, "Why the Irish are More Powerful Than Ever in Chicago", "Contact Us - Evangelical Lutheran Church in America", "America the diverse Chicagos Polish neighborhoods" (5/15/2005), "MONOGRAFIJA 100 GODINA BONJAKA U AMERICI NAJLJEPA HEDIJA", Chicago Stories Swedes in Chicago (2006), Cities Guide Chicago A hard-knock life (2006), "Chicago is the second-biggest Lithuanian city", "Evangelical Covenant Church (ECC) The Evangelical Covenant Church", Alternative Guide to Chicago, Humboldt Park, http://www.hanania.com/profiles/LittleArabia.htm, "San Francisco Metro Area Ranks Highest in LGBT Percentage", "The Metro Areas With the Largest, and Smallest, Gay Populations", "Same-sex marriage licenses could hit 10,000 in Cook County this summer", Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles, Chicago Historical Society: Global Communities in Chicago Project, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Chicago&oldid=1141225060, Demographics by city in the United States, Articles with dead external links from December 2016, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2011, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 24 February 2023, at 00:26. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts. Not to . [158][159] To these ethnic groups, the basis of the city's industrial working class, were added an additional influx of African Americans from the American Southwith Chicago's black population doubling between 1910 and 1920 and doubling again between 1920 and 1930. [citation needed], Two major daily newspapers are published in Chicago: the Chicago Tribune and the Chicago Sun-Times, with the Tribune having the larger circulation. [162][163][164][165], Chicago has the third-largest LGBT population in the United States. Among the 17 largest metropolitan areas, New Yorks Jewish share is matched only by Miami (9%). The citizens of Chicago have not elected a Republican mayor since 1927, when William Thompson was voted into office. Chicago is a major world convention destination. [129], Chicago is famous for its outdoor public art with donors establishing funding for such art as far back as Benjamin Ferguson's 1905 trust. RELIGION CENSUS FINDINGS, VIEW THE 2010 MAJORU.S. On the shore of Lake Michigan, Chicago was incorporated as a city in 1837 near a portage between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River watershed. Club. [81], On December 2, 1942, physicist Enrico Fermi conducted the world's first controlled nuclear reaction at the University of Chicago as part of the top-secret Manhattan Project. An award-winning $108 million, 1.25-mile promenade along the south bank of the Chicago River downtown. [140][143] Most of the city's rainfall is brought by thunderstorms, averaging 38 a year. [12][13], Chicago is an international hub for finance, culture, commerce, industry, education, technology, telecommunications, and transportation. [14] It is home to several Fortune 500 companies, including Archer-Daniels-Midland, Conagra Brands, Exelon, JLL, Kraft Heinz, McDonald's, Mondelez International, Motorola Solutions, Sears, and United Airlines Holdings.[18]. Other museums and galleries in Chicago include the Chicago History Museum, the Driehaus Museum, the DuSable Museum of African American History, the Museum of Contemporary Art, the Peggy Notebaert Nature Museum, the Polish Museum of America, the Museum of Broadcast Communications, the Pritzker Military Library, the Chicago Architecture Foundation, and the Museum of Science and Industry. [339] The program started on June 15 with 10 different scooter companies, including scooter sharing market leaders Bird, Jump, Lime and Lyft. (Stacey Wescott, Chicago Tribune) Muslims have become the third-largest religious group in the state after Roman Catholics and independent evangelicals. About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. He created Lincoln Park by closing a cemetery filled with shallow graves, and in 1867, in response to an outbreak of cholera he helped establish a new Chicago Board of Health. Seven mainline and four auxiliary interstate highways (55, 57, 65 (only in Indiana), 80 (also in Indiana), 88, 90 (also in Indiana), 94 (also in Indiana), 190, 290, 294, and 355) run through Chicago and its suburbs. Even more challenging were the social conditions in some parts of the city. The demographics of Chicago is 45% white.The second largest group of people were the African Americans who made up 32.9% of the total population of Chicago. Theatre-goers can choose from thousands of performances annually, featuring everything from Shakespeare to variety, in many languages. [287] In 2013, the violent crime rate was 910 per 100,000 people;[289] the murder rate was 10.4 while high crime districts saw 38.9, low crime districts saw 2.5 murders per 100,000. The top five races for people living in Chicago are: White (44%), Black (32%), Asian (5%), Hispanic or Latino (28%), Two or more races (2%). U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Cicero town, Illinois The city's main convention center is McCormick Place. Although the meatpacking industry currently plays a lesser role in the city's economy, Chicago continues to be a major transportation and distribution center. In the 1980s and 90s, the city was the global center for house and industrial music, two forms of music created in Chicago, as well as being popular for alternative rock, punk, and new wave. Below the poverty line were 19.6% of the population and 16.6% of the families. The Joffrey Ballet and Chicago Festival Ballet perform in various venues, including the Harris Theater in Millennium Park. Chicago is also a prominent center of the Polish Cathedral style of church architecture. Natural gas is provided by Peoples Gas, a subsidiary of Integrys Energy Group, which is headquartered in Chicago. Nearly a quarter of New Yorkers are religiously unaffiliated (24%), but the city also is home to relatively high numbers of members of non-Christian faiths. [340] Each company was allowed to bring 250 electric scooters, although both Bird and Lime claimed that they experienced a higher demand for their scooters. The organization established chapters in Gary, Indiana, in 1913, and Butte, Montana, in 1916, and is the oldest existing Muslim organization in the United States. Over the years neighborhoods have seen gradual ethnic change with White ethnic neighborhoods like Brighton Park transitioning to Hispanic, while former Latino neighborhoods like West Town transition to majority non-Hispanic White.
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