The tests used below were the Cold Cranking Simulator for high shear (about 10-1 sec-1) and Brookfield viscosity for low shear (about 2 sec-1) each measured at -20C. Synfluid PAO improves finished lubricant performance when formulated into biodegradable and biobased lubricants in low-temperature viscometrics and oxidative stability. PDF Synthetic Oil Viscosity & Compatibility Chart - DULUB <<264FCCC095A7AD46A42A03D56AD5B96C>]>> Not a subscriber or a registered user yet? These synthetic hydrocarbons are designed to provide superior lubrication performance over a wider operating-temperature range than petroleum oils and typically are less volatile. Since we use essentially pure 1-decene or 1-dodecene to produce Synfluid PAOs, there is a narrow isomeric distribution for each oligomer. 4 6 BioPreferred is a registered service mark of the United States Department of Agriculture. 0000031839 00000 n Its great to have the opportunity to talk about both. PAOs demonstrate advantages in three key areas: safety, performance and environmental sensitivity. 178 0 obj Furthermore, the advantages of exceeding the minimum requirements for driveline fluids will enhance the benefits of the finished lubricant. While pour point is one consideration, a formulator has to take into account the total specification needs. Later used in many industrial applications from compressor, hydraulic, and turbine fluids to gear oils and metalworking fluids. Therefore, at high temperatures, it is advantageous to utilize a more stable base oil, specifically Synfluid PAO. 0000002388 00000 n 4e739735ec50523ad929b6aac8340ae467185943 Understanding the advantages and disadvantages of each can help end-users decide which option is best for a given application. At that time, both fires on U.S. Navy ships and aircraft were occurring due to the use of mineral oil-based hydraulic fluids. The PAOsare produced through synthesizing oligomers of either 1-decene or 1-dodecene. 0000000016 00000 n Nine standard circulating fluids including d-Limonene, FC77 Flourinert, Galden, Lexol 408, Paratherm CR, Coolanol and PAO. Meet additional regulations (fire-resistance, environmental acceptability). www.topworx.com Epoxy Polycarbonate PBT Brass 316 S.S. 304 S.S. 400 S.S. Aluminum Viton Buna N Neoprene EPDM Silicone Ammonium Phosphate, Monobasic A C B B B A A A A A Ammonium Phosphate, Tribasic A B B B B A A A A A Ammonium Sulfate A B B B A A A A A A Ammonium Thiosulfate A A A Amyl Acetate A A A A B A D D . 0000135087 00000 n Kinematic Viscosity @ 100C (cSt) Kinematic Viscosity @ 40C (cSt) Pour Point (F) Molecular Weight. Several synthetic base oil types fall into the SHC category. If pour point is not a critical property in your application, then blending a PAO 5 and PAO 7 might give you that clear advantage that you are looking for. C 20 40 60 20 40 60 80 100 20 40 60 80 100 20 40 60 80 100 120 20 40 60 . Additionally, PAOs have high viscosity indices, which lead to less film thickness reduction at elevated temperatures. Polyalphaolefin is by far the most common major synthetic base oil used in industrial and automotive lubricants. %%EOF The lighter components cause poorer volatility properties as well as lower flash and fire points. polyalphaolefin compatibility chart - ks-sousahonorband.org The uniquely beneficial quality of PAOs has been demonstrated in a series of European engine tests. Conversely, if you reduce the temperature, the reaction rate decreases and the oil lasts longer, providing better protection. %PDF-1.6 % Naval Research Laboratory (USNRL) was begun to develop hydraulic fluids that would be more fire-resistant than the ones used at the time based on mineral oil. The direct feedstock (normal alpha olefin NAO) is produced through the chain growth and displacement process for producing petrochemically pure alpha olefins. JFIF Adobe d ##''$ %'% $('++++'()02520)7;;;;7;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ""2(! 0000004968 00000 n Whether its transportation or industrial lubes, greater fuel efficiency means lower operating costs. PAOs are uniquely suited to aviation hydraulics because of the inherently high flash/fire points and low volatility. The magnitude of these benefits will depend on the particular formulation. 0000162144 00000 n Polyalphaolefin (PAO) Lubricants Explained - Machinery Lubrication 0000000995 00000 n No matter what the combination of additive or base oil, one thing is certain: When you begin with a higher-quality base oil, you will achieve a better formulation in the end. The superior low-temperature flow characteristics of PAOs ensure faster coating of critical parts in the compressor during startup, minimizing wear. For other applications, PAOs safe and non-toxic nature allows them to be used where incidental food contact certification or kosher approval is necessary. Adobe PDF Library 10.0.1 Since we are all concerned with the protection of our environment, it is important to note some PAOs can be formulated with other components into biodegradable fluids. The chart below shows pressure coefficient comparisons between PAOs and Group III mineral oils versus pressure: Gear systems are specially designed and require highly specialized lubricants. These excellent pour points are achieved while increasing the viscosity indices (VI) over traditional HV PAO. Thats a hot topic! This is one clear benefit of using a carefully designed base oil. One way to achieve a higher VI base fluid is to shift from a decene-based PAO to a dodecene-based PAO. <> Group V oils also include esters and naphthenic oils. In addition to these advantages, kosher certification for Synfluid PAOs is available upon request. LDPE is defined by a density range of 0.910-0.940 g/cm3. proof:pdf 10.1 Introduction. The first step is the synthesis of oligomers (polymers with few repeating monomer units) from the linear alpha-olefin. The VI of PAOs typically only varies one to two points. The grease is then inspected for visual abnormalities and can be tested for penetration and four-ball wear change. Both lubricant types are used in industrial gearboxes, compressors, and even air conditioning systems. There are indeed pressures in the industry that require improved oxidative stability. polyalphaolefin compatibility chart. PAG- and PAO-based lubricants rarely compete in industrial applications. PAO- and PAG-based lubricants are both hydrolytically stable and have low pour points. The lower volatility decreases oil replacement costs by reducing oil consumption. ]-]jW|^X^=E^7J3kgI%_9+v}Fwq{r9 *d(C>~z|7X#o!9lwu{^1se9),7v)mE,wa?t3 a$X{wzVAw}E^:5--_OXY+. Certainly! Our sustainability strategy encompasses the concerns and issues identified by our stakeholders and we are committed to addressing these issues. The table below shows how our new Synfluid mPAOs offer significant advantages in pour point and viscosity index over conventional high-viscosity PAOs. In order of volume used, they are: polyalphaolefins (PAOs), organic esters, and polyglycols. PAOs are Newtonian fluids; in other words, their viscosities are fairly independent of shear rate. In terms of viscosity, there are tradeoffs in choosing one PAO over another: energy consumption (heat dissipation and production throughput) versus safety of operations (impacted by flash/fire points and volatility). Youre not kidding! The chart below shows the comparison of PAO 4 and PAO 6 blended to the same viscosity as PAO 5, as well as PAO 6 and PAO 8 blended to the same viscosity as PAO 7. startxref Effect of Base Oil Type on Gear Box Temperatures. 175 0 obj The most favorable performance is achieved by using the highest-quality base oils. &&3#-j`t$f>3+Jo>9rTj!ft%lA+:k$BshQ(I"&sKH9~p0njga4Z#Sm!2Y-r+E)9]m%nFA}O3>Jo#iW/1Pxq5GJ1\/n.n_>$}RX\~7Zjqh=b$@t%W8zRu{@ BZfUq(_}I/0]J6AX8*sa}5b\$d`6."$? PDF CHEMICAL COMPATIBILITY CHART Metallic Materials Used in Bal Seal Products Other base oil properties need to be considered. endobj This is compared to a conventional hydraulic fluid in the chart below. Synfluid PAOs have helped you to meet industry specifications in the past. 11 46 General properties of low- and high-viscosity conventional PAO, and metallocene-catalyzed mPAO basestocks, are shown in Table 4. Although VI is an important indicator, when used alone, VI is misleading. There are distinct advantages in volatility and low-temperature viscosity. 0000012483 00000 n To improve fuel economy, OEMs are moving toward lower-viscosity oils, even in heavy-duty diesel engines. Initially, it was intended to fill the gap in supply and was found to be exceptionally suitable for applications where extremely low pour points were not necessary. This process creates a polymer backbone where oxygen is every third atom, which gives PAG basestocks their distinctive chemical attributes and allows formulators to synthesize various combinations of starters and monomers (block, random, and homopolymer) to create custom basestock types for specific applications. For instance, Chemtool Incorporated utilizes Synfluid PAOs in greases, and they have been able to formulate their products to take specific advantage of Synfluid PAO properties, yielding improvements in low-temperature mobility and torque. 0000134768 00000 n Grade Name. 0000027693 00000 n The effects of the shear rate differences are even more exaggerated at low-temperature startup conditions, when the lubricant function is critical for equipment protection. A product developed by Renewable Lubricants Inc. (RLI), with assistance from Chevron Phillips Chemical, uses Synfluid PAOs combined with biobased oils and specially designed additives. polyalphaolefin compatibility chart - kazuyasu.net Typically, as the viscosity drops, the volatility increases. Fluid distribution panels are also discussed. Chemical kinetics tell us that if you reduce the temperature, you will reduce the reaction rate. It is a synthetic hydrocarbon (SHC) that mimics the best hydrocarbon (branched) structure found in mineral oils. Compatibility for Base Oil Families Soluble in large fraction Weakly soluble Insoluble Varies with grade Solvent Compatibility for Base Oil Families Note 1: For cross reference to trade names, consult Modern Plastics Encyclopedia, '97, McGraw-Hill Company, New York, 1997. One example is the advantage PAO has over mineral oil in the area of high-temperature stability. PAO basestocks were developed in the 1930s and used commercially as a base for engine oils starting in the 1970s. Lowering torque reduces the energy requirements of the equipment and improves grease distribution. California Transparency in Supply Chains Act Disclosure. PAO quality is unrivaled in the industry. Aluminum Chemical Compatibility Chart - calpaclab.com 0000041967 00000 n The Ethylene price in the Europe region was dull throughout the third quarter of 2022, which abetted the declining price trend of PAO throughout Q3 in Europe. Both the foam tendency (the initial amount of foam generated in this test) and the time required for the foam to collapse are remarkably better for Synfluid mPAO. Both basestock types have low volatility and high fire points (when stabilized) for a given viscosity grade. Polyalphaolefins FAQ | Chevron Phillips Chemical 0000001726 00000 n concentration from 0.5 percent to 1 percent. From then on, the company introduced 1-dodecene-based PAOs in 1995, which have grown steadily in popularity. In the past three years, European specifications for volatility and oxidative stability have become significantly more stringent. package, an optimal PAO formulation will be different than that of mineral oils. High Performance Liquid Cooling Loop Design - Boyd Corporation hb```f``g mBU L4#o0 D False Use of WGHFs increased tremendously due to the publication of the Luxembourg Report in 1961, outlining minimum standards for hydraulic fluid fire-resistance in European coal mines. hb```b``nd`c``. A similar approach can be applied to your formulations or applications. Satisfactory to 72 F. 3. To improve seal compatibility of PAO-based lubricants, an ester is added to the formulation to add some polarity. C12-derived PAOs also provide advantages with higher Viscosity Index (VI), better flash/fire points, and even lower cold crank simulated viscosities. Sustained operations at elevated temperatures increase the rate of oxidation and other degradation reactions. If you would like us to test your formulation or have questions about our formulating experience, give us a call. 0000007470 00000 n The degree of the disadvantage for seal and paint compatibility may depend on the specific PAG basestock type used (such as water-soluble, oil-soluble, etc.). June 16, 2022; Posted by usa volleyball national qualifiers 2022; 16 . We believe it can be understood by looking at the thermal conductivity and specific heat of the base oils. Improved equipment efficiency and energy savings. Because PAOs have a diverse, highly branched isoparaffin structure, they provide excellent low-temperature viscometrics and very low pour points (ppt) without adding PPDs. Focusing on the components of the additive package can further influence the performance of the formulation. Synfluid PAO 5 and PAO 7 also offer several advantages in addition to the volatility, such as low pour point, high viscosity index, improved oxidative stability and excellent low-temperature viscosities. The results indicate that the CSC 980 Tan grease has a running torque of 3.77 N-m versus 10.9 N-m for the same grease with an alternate base oil. Use our Chemical Compatibility Chart as guide for evaluating the resistance of polymer and metal materials to a wide range of chemicals found in industrial . These properties translate into easier distribution of the grease and improved energy efficiency in the equipment. <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 159 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 792.0 612.0]/Type/Page>> The C12-derived PAOs were created to give better volatility, giving formulators four new options when choosing PAOs. <> So, whether used for gear or engine oils, PAOs provide more consistent properties and a level of purity not available from other base oil groups. Oils made with PAOs demonstrate an inherently high viscosity index and maintain excellent low-temperature performance, compared with mineral oils. 0 The chart below shows that the PAO has a higher specific heat, which means that the PAO is better at absorbing heat. The plot below shows a comparison of the air release times exhibited by ISO VG 320 blends composed of our Synfluid mPAOs, and traditional HV PAOs with PAO 8 cSt. endobj <>>> Specific heat is the amount of heat per unit mass required to raise the temperature one degree Celsius. LDPE Chemical Compatibility Chart - calpaclab.com Absolutely! Polyalphaolefin (PAO) Prices, Price, Pricing, News, Monitor - ChemAnalyst The trend falls short when comparisons are made between PAOs and mineral oils, based solely on the VI. Give us a call to discuss how Synfluid PAOs can withstand the pressure in your hydraulic applications. Poly-Alpha-Olefins - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics 97 0 obj polyalphaolefin compatibility chart - amcsalud.com endobj Driveline specifications continue to become more stringent. The limits on lowering the viscosity grade are tied to the base oil properties. However, not all synthetic lubricants are created equal. PAOs help meet and exceed the formulation requirements necessary in a wide variety of specifications, including Allison TES-295, Eaton PS-162 and Mil-2105. PAO, Polyalphaolefin Liquid Chillers (PAO) from Bemco Inc. More specialized polyolefins include polyisobutylene and polymethylpentene. 0000002226 00000 n PAG-based lubricants have excellent viscosity indices significantly better than PAO-based lubricants of the same viscosity grade. xmp.did:F87F1174072068118083E936383AAE83 Two major types of synthetic basestockspolyalkylene glycols (PAG) and polyalphaolefin (PAO)and the lubricants formulated from them, will be compared. This clearly shows that a PAO base oil substitution can significantly lower operating temperatures of the gear box and extend the required maintenance interval. Address specific system site conditions (potential for water ingression). Changes in low-temperature viscometrics and oxidative stability requirements demand higher-quality base oils. Now that fuel economy is more important than ever, even a one percent improvement can make a significant difference on overall costs. %PDF-1.4 % PAG basestocks are synthetic polymers manufactured using a polymerization process that combines monomers ethylene oxide (EO), propylene oxide (PO), and butylene oxide (BO) singly as homopolymers or in combinations to form a growing chain from a nucleophilic starter molecule, commonly an alcohol. The more EO monomer in the basestock, the more water-soluble; the more PO monomer, the more water-insoluble; and the more BO monomer, the more oil-soluble the basestock is. As the chart above shows, lower-viscosity oils can be made without sacrificing low volatility by using PAO base oils. This formulation achieved a 13% benefit when the PAO was directly substituted with Synfluid PAO. Polyolefins, including poly (ethylene), poly (-olefin), poly (styrene), and poly (dienes), are the most widely-used polymer materials. There are multiple considerations when determining the best synthetic lubricant for a particular application, but knowledge of the general properties of the synthetic lubricant types being considered is the starting point. Well be happy to help you solve your lubricant concerns. Adobe PDF Library 10.0.1 endobj %PDF-1.4 % Some of the disadvantages of PAO-based lubricants are outlined in Table 6. Lubricants and possible plastic or rubber compatibility issues Each 10C temperature rise can reduce oxidative stability by half. 0000013783 00000 n Chevron Phillips Chemicals proprietary manufacturing process and monomer selection combine to produce the groundbreaking performance characteristics that our customers expect from Synfluid polyalphaolefins. Typically, petroleum-base oils are not synonymous with terms like green or environmentally friendly. 3 !1AQa"q2B#$Rb34rC%Scs5&DTdEt6UeuF'Vfv7GWgw ; !1AQaq"2B#R3$brCScs4%&5DTdEU6teuFVfv'7GWgw ? Tiny bubbles these can cause major issues, such as shorter lubricant life, increased fluid compressibility, lower fluid viscosity and cavitation. polyalphaolefin compatibility chart - dice-dental.asia Chevron Phillips Chemical offers two lines of PAOs. European specifications, as well as those in other regions, are expected to tighten. This lowers their volatility, creates less hydrocarbon tailpipe emissions and raises the flash point. Galvanized steel is susceptible to attack by some chemicals which may cause . Polyalphaolefins (PAO)-60 to 125 C Stable, lubricious fluids compatible with most plastics and elastomers. With the powerful combination of MOLYKOTE. 179 0 obj If a certain application can sacrifice a 10 15C increase in the pour point, then there is as much as a 25% improvement in volatility, as shown in the chart below. There are multiple formulations behind the science of synthetic lubricants that can complicate making the right choice for any application. mary berry grandchildren names . LDPE Chemical Compatibility Chart: Check the chemical compatibility of LDPE (low density polyethylene) with various chemicals, solvents, alcohols and other products. Actions. Some properties such as Viscosity Index (VI) or C viscosity can approach those of PAOs. Low-temperature fluidity and high-temperature thermal and oxidative stability are key factors for choosing a PAO. 0000103071 00000 n In these extreme services, a PAO-based lubricant is able to reach the area that requires lubrication and prevent damage or wear. 0000036029 00000 n You would expect the viscosity to improve with a lower pour point, but the opposite is true. These requirements or specifications will generally identify or recommend a product type (mineral oils, synthetic fluids, or bio-based fluids) and the proper performance requirements (developed into the lubricant by the component chemistry) to allow the machinery to run at an optimum level. When you add up the benefits, you may see that one plus one can make more than two. 0000001605 00000 n 0000016208 00000 n While one lot of Group IIIA mineral oil passed this battery of tests, it is quite different from the quality of the other Group III stocks. You can see a medical doctor for your burn, but Dr. Ken Hope can help with your base oil and formulation challenges. 0000139372 00000 n To mitigate this effect, We recommend taking a look at Synfluid PAO 5 and PAO 7, due to their excellent Noack volatilities of 5.5% and 2.3%, respectively. Reducing the viscosity of engine and drivetrain oils lowers fuel consumption by decreased churning losses and viscous drag. Use this chart to help guide your component selection. Recent advancements in additive technology and synthetic base fluid manufacturing are pushing the performance edges that make current lubricant offerings better than ever. endstream endobj 8 0 obj <>stream Finally, greater oxidative stability extends oil life and keeps the compressor clean for a longer service interval. The chart below shows the gas chromatogram of PAO versus white mineral oil, illustrating the relative enhanced purity of PAO. You see, the jump hurts the pump.. There are many advantages! general guideline for pump material selection 0000042568 00000 n Synfluid PAOs are qualified as technical white oils (per 21 CFR 178.3620(b)(1)) due to their clear, bright color and exceptional UV properties. NLGI #2. endobj Our safety, technical and regulatory product information, as well as company and industry resources. Copyright 2023 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC. PAO-based lubricants offer a significant advantage in oxidative stability. The chart below shows an example of an engine oil formulation with two different quality PAOs. Its estimated that over 100 million gallons of fluids leak from hydraulic machinery and other lubricant equipment in North America each year! Grease is a solid to semi-fluid lubricant, typically used for difficult to service equipment, such as bearings or suspension systems. Although PAOs are not considered biobased themselves, in a blend they contribute certain performance benefits. They are usually derived from a small set of simple olefins ( alkenes ). The ability of a lubricant to reach critical metal-to-metal interfaces in a gear system can be the difference between operation or shutdown. endobj Furthermore, these new formulations allow a range of ISO viscosity grades. Aluminum is compatible with fluids such as polyalphaolefin (PAO), oil, ethylene glycol and water solutions (EGW), as well as Fluorinert, an electrically insulating inert perfluorocarbon fluid manufactured by 3M and used in many electronics cooling applications. Furthermore, PAOs are H-1 approved for incidental food contact and have good organoleptic properties, which broaden the range of end-use applications for metals. 0000017608 00000 n In addition to meeting current limits, a lower viscosity will reduce energy consumption. The properties mentioned above are in addition to the normally excellent performance you have come to recognize with PAO. 184 0 obj cally stable, have good compatibility with mineral oils and can be combined with other more polar synthetic basestocks (e.g. Our C10-based products, commercialized in the 1970s, were the first in the market. If a polyurea-based thickener is chosen in conjunction with a synthetic base oil, such as a polyalphaolefin (PAO), there is no compatibility risk to be expected. The reason a PAO is selected as a lubricant basestock is its ability to improve performance and solve problems. trailer <<1656AD0EDA344239AE3641B5710538C3>]/Prev 1036271>> startxref 0 %%EOF 296 0 obj <>stream We make the petrochemical solutions found in products of all kinds with purpose, collaboration and care. From left-to-right, Ken Hope, General PAO Technical Services Manager; EngSoon Ho, Asia PAO Sales Manager; Emanuele Quattrone, EMEA PAO Sales Manager; Katie Clark, Americas PAO Sales Manager. Sorry, we couldn't find anything that matched your search, PAO-based lubricants generally resist creep and water washout and offer good lubricity across a variety of substrate material pairings, including metal-to-metal and metal-to-plastic. <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 162 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 792.0 612.0]/Type/Page>> As the chart below shows, greater energy efficient, lower viscosity oils can be made through the selection of PAO, without sacrificing volatility. So yes, PAOs can provide flexibility in your food-grade base oil selection, depending upon your performance requirements. 0000034289 00000 n Level of maintenance and labor available. This is just one of the many performance advantages of Synfluid mPAO. polyalphaolefin compatibility chart. PAO-base oils help improve fuel economy in engine and drivetrain oils by reducing viscosity, volatility and traction coefficients as the chart below shows: These results show the potential for reducing friction loss using PAOs, which also typically have lower pressure-viscosity coefficients than mineral oils reducing elastohydrodynamic gear friction losses and energy consumption. 2023 DuPont. PAOs are considered a very pure substance since they are derived from petrochemically pure ethylene and then from 1-decene or 1-dodecene, which could be considered a further purification step. Polyolefin - Wikipedia 0000033764 00000 n However, unlike foaming, entrained air can be a difficult problem to treat with additives. The chart below shows how Synfluid PAOs can help meet these challenges with the excellent volatility properties of our PAO 5, 7 and 9 cSt grades. All rights reserved. Our safety, technical and regulatory product information, as well as company and industry resources. Our unique PAO 2.5cSt further improves flash/fire points by as much as 10 percent over other commercial polyalphaolefins. 0000036915 00000 n startxref Temp. These synthetic hydrocarbons are designed to provide superior lubrication performance over a wider operating-temperature range than petroleum oils and typically are less volatile. Polyalphaolefin Characteristics PAOs offer exceptionally low volatility due to their controlled formation, which yields carefully designed molecular weights. 0000003221 00000 n Give us a call, and well be glad to discuss your applications and provide technical help. xmp.did:F87F1174072068118083E936383AAE83 One obvious trend is that low-viscosity oils are beneficial in improving fuel efficiency. Thermal conductivity is the measure of the ability to conduct heat. 0000003107 00000 n Synthetic basestocks, more so than in mineral oil basestocks, are the primary contributor to most of the basic properties of the lubricant, including oil or water solubility, low-temperature fluidity, lubrication, volatility, ignitability, and seal and paint compatibility. But what happens below 40C? Not necessarily. The challenge presented to a formulator is maintaining the performance levels while achieving biodegradability. These are areas where PAOs excel. 0000003482 00000 n Synfluid PAOs are already known for their excellent low-temperature and oxidative stability properties. Process Chemical Compatibility Guide Due to this incompatibility with many but not all PAG lubricants, system change-outs from mineral oil to PAG-based lubricants may be costlier and take additional time. Understanding this advantage is important for optimizing the performance of todays fluids and improving the life of equipment.
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